The Cretan Tradition of

Asceticism

The arrival of Saint John the Hermit in Crete of the Early Christian Times was the beginning of a great ascetic tradition that continues to the present day. Hundreds of hermits secluded in the most remote parts of the island, forming ascetic communities that later evolved to thriving monasteries. Hundreds of countryside monasteries, most of which don't operate today, are dispersed throughout the island.

A special sample of hermitage is the Monastery Katholiko at Akrotiri Cape in the caves of which hermits lived their monastic life away, from worldly pleasures. Equally important were the religious sites of the secluded peninsulas Gramvousa and Rodopos, where several small monasteries developed.

The greatest hermitage of all was the naturally isolated, and impassable range of Asterousia in southern Heraklion. Hundreds of caves from Saint Nikitas to Cape Lithino still host hermits. Relations between them were so limited that in Agiofarago and Martsalo they gathered only once a year, in cave Goumenospilio and counted how many of them survived each year.

In eastern Crete, the north province of Mirabello is the largest field of asceticism with dozens of small monastic establishments. Here hermits built small monasteries, where they usually lived alone.

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Saint John the Theologian church at Armeni

The single-nave arched church of Saint John the Theologian (Agios Ioannis Theologos) is located in the central square of the village Armeni, province Apokoronas. The church was built in the 16th century on the site of an older 13th-century domed temple, which in turn was built on the site of the central aisle of a 6th-century Early Christian basilica.

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Panagia Gorgoipikoos church at Pigaidakia

The church of Panagia Gorgoepikoos is located at the territory of the village Pigaidakia, near the beginning of the stream that ends on Karavovrissi beach in Kali Limenes. Today only the temple is preserved from the complex that till the beginning of the 20th century was a small monastery.

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Church of Saint John the Theologian at Lakki (Kroustas)

The church of Saint John the Theologian (Agios Ioannis Theologos) is located in the ruined settlement of Lakki, in the periphery of the village Kroustas. The temple was built on a pre-existing building, and nearby are traces of buildings from the Lakkos settlement, two threshing floors and a cistern.

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Church of Archangels in Amari

In the cemetery of the village of Nefs Amari in the province of Amari there is the small single-nave arched temple of the Archangels (Taxiarches). The temple is dated to the Venetian occupation and above the entrance, on the exterior wall, there is a cross-shape series of round ceramics (pinakia) preserved.

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Church of the Holy Apostles in Kato Episkopi

Ο μικρός οικισμός της Κάτω Επισκοπής Σητείας υπήρξε πιθανότατα έδρα της Επισκοπής Σητείας κατά τη δεύτερη βυζαντινή περίοδο. Στο νεκροταφείο του χωριού βρίσκεται ο ναός των Αγίων Αποστόλων Πέτρου και Παύλου, ο οποίος αποτελεί μετασκευασμένο λουτρό του 11ου αιώνα, πιθανώς της επισκοπικής κατοικίας που βρισκόταν απέναντι.

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Church of the Holy Apostles at Ano Moulia

South of the center of the village Ano Moulia there is the small temple of the Holy Apostles, Peter and Paul, in the center of a small graphic square. Externally it looks like a modern temple, but its original construction dates back to the 13th century, as evidenced by the preserved fresco of the Burning Bush.

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